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Trenton is the capital city of the U.S. state of New Jersey and the county seat of Mercer County, as well as briefly the former capital of the United States of America.〔(【引用サイトリンク】accessdate=2011-06-07 )〕〔(Mercer County, NJ ), National Association of Counties. Accessed January 20, 2013.〕 The city's metropolitan area is grouped with the New York metropolitan area by the United States Census Bureau,〔(New York-Newark, NY-NJ-CT-PA Combined Statistical Area ), United States Census Bureau. Accessed December 28, 2014.〕 but directly borders the Philadelphia metropolitan area and is part of the Federal Communications Commission's Philadelphia Designated Market Area.〔(- Philadelphia Market Area Coverage Maps ), Federal Communications Commission. Accessed December 28, 2014.〕 As of the 2010 United States Census, Trenton had a population of 84,913,〔〔〔 making it the state's 10th-largest municipality. The Census Bureau estimated that the city's population was 84,034 in 2014.〔 Trenton dates back at least to June 3, 1719, when mention was made of a constable being appointed for Trenton, while the area was still part of Hunterdon County. Boundaries were recorded for Trenton Township as of March 2, 1720,〔(''The Story of New Jersey's Civil Boundaries: 1606–1968'' ), John P. Snyder, Bureau of Geology and Topography; Trenton, New Jersey; 1969. pp. 164-165. Accessed August 21, 2012.〕 a courthouse and jail were constructed in Trenton around 1720 and the Freeholders of Hunterdon County met annually in Trenton.〔(County History ), Hunterdon County, New Jersey. Accessed April 18, 2011.〕 Trenton became New Jersey's capital as of November 25, 1790, and the City of Trenton was formed within Trenton Township on November 13, 1792. Trenton Township was incorporated as one of New Jersey's initial group of 104 townships by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on February 21, 1798. On February 22, 1834, portions of Trenton Township were taken to form Ewing Township. The remaining portion of Trenton Township was absorbed by the City of Trenton on April 10, 1837. A series of annexations took place over a 50-year period, with the city absorbing South Trenton borough (April 14, 1851), portions of Nottingham Township (April 14, 1856), both the Borough of Chambersburg Township and Millham Township (both on March 30, 1888), as well as Wilbur Borough (February 28, 1898). Portions of Ewing Township and Hamilton Township were annexed to Trenton as of March 23, 1900.〔〔Honeyman, Abraham Van Doren. (''Index-analysis of the Statutes of New Jersey, 1896-1909: Together with References to All Acts, and Parts of Acts, in the 'General Statutes' and Pamphlet Laws Expressly Repealed: and the Statutory Crimes of New Jersey During the Same Period'' ), p. 302. New Jersey Law Journal Publishing Company, 1910. Accessed October 12, 2015.〕 ==History== The first settlement which would become Trenton was established by Quakers in 1679, in the region then called the Falls of the Delaware, led by Mahlon Stacy from Handsworth, Sheffield, England. Quakers were being persecuted in England at this time and North America provided the perfect opportunity to exercise their religious freedom. By 1719, the town adopted the name "Trent-towne", after William Trent, one of its leading landholders who purchased much of the surrounding land from Stacy's family. This name later was shortened to "Trenton".〔Krystal, Becky. ("Trenton, N.J.: One for the history buffs" ), ''The Washington Post'', February 10, 2011. Accessed January 10, 2012. "Back in the early 18th century, at least, the area was remote enough for Trent, a wealthy Philadelphia merchant, to build his summer home there near the banks of the Delaware River. And though it's dwarfed by its modern-day neighbors, at the time the home reflected its owner's 'ostentatious nature,' Nedoresow said. Further stroking his ego, he named the settlement he laid out 'Trent-towne,' which eventually evolved into the current moniker."〕〔Hutchinson, Viola L. (''The Origin of New Jersey Place Names'' ), New Jersey Public Library Commission, May 1945. Accessed October 12, 2015.〕〔Gannett, Henry. (''The Origin of Certain Place Names in the United States'' ), p. 304. United States Government Printing Office, 1905. Accessed October 12, 2015.〕 During the American Revolutionary War, the city was the site of the Battle of Trenton, George Washington's first military victory. On December 26, 1776, Washington and his army, after crossing the icy Delaware River to Trenton, defeated the Hessian troops garrisoned there.〔(This Day in History - Dec 26, 1776: Washington wins first major U.S. victory at Trenton ), History (U.S. TV channel). Accessed January 10, 2012.〕 After the war, Trenton was briefly the national capital of the United States in November and December 1784.〔Parker, L.A. ("City celebrating role as U.S. capital in 1784" ), ''The Trentonian'', November 6, 2009. Accessed January 10, 2012. "City and state leaders kicked off a two-month celebration yesterday with a news conference highlighting Trenton’s brief role as the capital of the United States in 1784."〕 The city was considered as a permanent capital for the new country, but the southern states favored a location south of the Mason–Dixon line. Trenton became the state capital in 1790, but prior to that year the New Jersey Legislature often met here.〔(A Short History of New Jersey ), New Jersey. Accessed January 10, 2012.〕 The city was incorporated in 1792.〔 During the War of 1812, the United States Army's primary hospital was at a site on Broad Street.〔(Some of Trenton’s History ), City of Trenton. Accessed October 12, 2015. "During the 1812 War, the primary hospital facility for the U.S. Army was at a temporary location on Broad Street."〕 Throughout the 19th century, Trenton grew steadily, as European immigrants came to work in its pottery and wire rope mills. In 1837, with the population now too large for government by council, a new mayoral government was adopted, with by-laws that remain in operation to this day.〔Richman, Steven M. (''Reconsidering Trenton: The Small City in the Post-Industrial Age'' ), p. 49. McFarland & Company, 2010. ISBN 9780786462230. Accessed November 15, 2015.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Trenton, New Jersey」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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